Levi Colt Wainwright DC, FSBT

2155 Centerville Pl, Tallahassee, FL, 32308

Phone: 850-222-1171

tallahasseechiropracticinjury@gmail.com

http://www.tallahasseespinalcare.com

Dr. Levi Colt Wainwright, D.C.,  F.S.B.T.

2155 Centerville Pl, Tallahassee, Florida 32308

(850)222-1171

Fax: (850)536-6057

 

SELECTED OCCUPATIONAL HISTORY

Chiropractor and Clinic Director, Tallahassee Spinal Care, Tallahassee FL, 2017-present

 

Chiropractor, Precision Spinal Care, Chesapeake VA, 2013-2017

 

EDUCATION and LICENSURE

Doctor of Chiropractic, Licensed in the State of Florida, License #CH12093, 2017- present

 

Doctor of Chiropractic, Licensed in the State of Virginia, License #0104557142, 2014-2017

 

Doctorate of Chiropractic, Palmer College of Chiropractic, Florida, Port Orange, Florida, 2013

Internship,  Precision Spinal Care, Chesapeake VA, 2013-2014

 

Bachelor of Arts in Exercise Science, Warner University, Lake Wales, Florida, 2010

 

SELECTED POST-GRADUATE EDUCATION, CERTIFICATIONS and DIPLOMATES

 

NBCE Board Certified 2013

 

Fellowship – Spinal Biomechanics and Trauma 

National Spine Management Group  

Recognized by Cleveland University College of Chiropractic  

Approved for Continuing Medical Education [ACCME] – State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences 

 

NUCCA Board Certified* 2022

*The specialty recognition identified herein has been received from a private organization not affiliated with or recognized by the Florida Board of Chiropractic Medicine

 

PAIN MANAGEMENT ROTATION

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Growth of Interventional Pain  Management Techniques and Current Trends in Pharmacological Management of Neuropathic  Pain. ESI comparison to gabapentin in lumbosacral radicular pain – current trends and future progress  of pain management interventions. Mode of action, required dosage, advantages and side effects profiles  of currently available pharmacological approaches. National Spine Management Group, Federation of  Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship  with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Therapeutic Effects of Spinal  Injection Therapy - Facet, medial branch blocks, prolotherapy and epidural interventions utilization  within the Medicare population, effectiveness on lumbar central canal stenosis with and without steroids and effect on prevention of spinal surgery, herniated disc, fibromyalgia and chronic musculoskeletal  pain. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland  University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Adverse Events Associated  with Injection Therapy – transforaminal and interlaminar epidural steroid injections, anesthesia technical considerations, effects on cervical radiculopathy midline versus paramedian approaches and  perineurial injection of autologous conditioned serum. Review of FDA risk assessment.  National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University  College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Correlation of MRI Findings  and Injection Outcomes - MODIC Changes on MRI and effectiveness of facet injection, facet joint  signal change on MRI with fat suppression comparison with SPECT/CT. Discussion of Modic 1, 2 and 3  with correlation of clinical outcomes and patient selection criteria. National Spine Management Group,  Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME  Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Therapeutic Effects of  Botulinum Toxin and Dry-Needling in Myofascial Pain Syndrome – cost effectiveness, patient  response and triage of therapeutic interventions. Physiological review of trigger point etiology and  clinical presentation of acute and chronic pain. Functional response of intervention including relief and  recurrence. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland  University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020. 

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Systematic Review Technical  Considerations in Cervical Epidural Analgesia - Chemical blockage of cervical nerve roots, review of  anatomical structures and correlation with MRI imaging. Blockage effects on the respiratory, circulatory  and neurological systems. Review of cervical epidural space (CES) borders and variants in patient  population. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland  University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Trends in opioid analgesic  abuse and mortality in the USA, Evaluation of Opioid Pain Management in Injured Children,  assessment of opioid reporting in Veteran Affairs – Emergency visitation in pediatric injury, pain  management and adoption of best practices. Trends in use of prescription opioid medication using  RADARS (Research Abuse, Diversion and Addiction Related Surveillance System), comparison between legitimate pharmacy channels and diversion and abuse. Opioid use prevalence and incidents in Veteran  Affairs, new prescriptions or long-term conversion and relationship to persistent growth in opioid use. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University  College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Electrodiagnostic Testing,  Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection, Intra-articular Facet Joint Injection, Spinal  Manipulation Post-Epidural Injection– Needle EMG, active versus chronic denervation in lumbar,  cervical spinal pathologies and differential diagnosis of spinal stenosis and intervertebral disc  herniation. Systematic review of facet joint injections, clinical trials and conservative therapy in lower  back pain. Results of spinal manipulation post-epidural injection in the cervical spine. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Radiofrequency Ablation and  outcome measures - medication, function and pain in relation to pain of spinal origin. Medial  Branch Block as prognostic tool prior to lumbar facet radiofrequency denervation. Clinical comparison  disc herniation, disc bulge, cervical and lumbar radiculopathy. Diagnosis and patient triage correlation  to anatomical spine structures. Long, short term risk factors and outcomes in radiofrequency ablation.  National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University  College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Pain Management – Clinical and Procedural – Role of Cannabinoids in Pain  Management – review of pharmacological, botanical or synthetic origins of cannabinoids. Mechanism  of action in alleviation of pain including analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects, modular actions on  neurotransmitters and interactions with prescribed or endogenous opioids. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic,  ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine,  2020.

MRI PHYSICS

Specialty Research in MRI Physics – The Hardware – magnet types including permanent, resistive  and superconducting magnets. Volume RF, surface, quadrature and phase array coils and other  hardware necessary for the generation of MRI imaging. National Spine Management Group, Federation  of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint  Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in MRI Physics – Physics of Image Generation 1 – magnetization, excitation,  relaxion, acquisition, computing and display. T1 relaxion and relaxation curves, T2 relaxation, phase and  phase coherence, T2 relaxion curves. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic  Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the  State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in MRI Physics – Physics of Image Generation 2 – gradient coils, signal coding  including slice encoding gradient, phase encoding gradient, Frequency encoding gradient. Gradient  specifications and slice thickness. Filling k-space, k-space symmetry and k-space filling technique.  National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University  College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in MRI Physics – Physics of Image Generation 3 – pulse sequences, spine echo  sequences including multi-slicing and multi-echo sequencing. T1, T2, proton density contrast and their  applications. Turbo spine echo, fast advanced spine echo (HASTE) sequence and gradient echo  sequence. Inversion recovery sequence including STIR and FLAIR sequence. Choosing the right  sequence pros and cons, T1, T2 and PD parameters. National Spine Management Group, Federation of  Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship  with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in MRI Physics – Physics of Image Generation – technical parameters and  artifacts – repetition time, echo time, flip angle, inversion time, number of acquisitions, matric and field  of view. Slice thickness, slice gap, phase encoding direction 1 and direction 2 and relation to bandwidth.  Motion artifact, para-magnetic artifact, phase wrap artifact, susceptibility artifact, clipping artifact,  spine and zebra artifacts. Effects on image quality and acquisition. National Spine Management Group,  Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME  Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

NEURORADIOLOGY

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – radiographic evolution of a Schmorl’s node – acute  Schmorl’s node and progression to chronic stage comparison to serial MRI. Endplate fracture and acute  presentation and correlation to clinical findings and pain patterns. Presentation in plain film radiograph  and MRI images were compared and contrasted in both acute and chronic stages. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – syringomyelia, fluid dynamics and spinal cord motion –  scoliosis curve patters and syrinx characteristics versus Chiari I malformation. Normal MRI appearance  and motion artifacts related to cerebral spinal fluid motion related phenomena and common appearances  on MRI imaging. Syrinx wall and fluid motion and correlation to cardiac cycle with comparison between  systolic and diastolic presentations. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the  State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – Spinal Biomechanics, Thoracolumbar Deformity and  Surgical Outcomes – full spine analysis, adjacent spinal biomechanics and its impact on surgical  outcomes. Sagittal alignment pelvis to cervical spine and association with kyphosis and lordosis  mechanical positioning. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing  Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State  University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – MRI and EMG comparison in denervated muscle diagnosis  – lumbar spine pathology and age in relation to paraspinal muscle size and fatty infiltration. Fatty  degeneration of paraspinal muscle in degenerative lumbar kyphosis and CT versus MRI digital analysis.  Positive correlations with edema on MRI and fibrillations, positive sharp waves, denervation and the  level of reduced recruitment pattern. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic  Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the  State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – association between annular tear and disc degeneration –  high intensity zone (HIZ) in lumbar disc and association to annular fissure on MRI. Identification of duel  HIZ and its relationship to acute inflammation and calcified tissue and its association with discogenic  pain patterns. Influence of phenotype, population size and inclusion sequence. T1, T2 and STIR imaging  comparison and correlation. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing  Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State  University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – degenerative cervical myelopathy – paraspinal muscle  morphology, clinical symptoms and functional status. Review of fatty infiltration, asymmetry findings and  correlation with clinical symptoms and functional scores. Review of complex anatomical arrangement of  superficial and deep muscle layers in the cervical spine, correlation to MRI findings. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – MRI Neurography, Diffuse Tensor Imaging (DTI) –  diagnostic accuracy and fiber tracking in spinal cord compression. Review of spinal cord structural  integrity, peripheral neuropathy and correlation to diffuse tensor imaging findings. Comparison in combining DTI with T2 and T2 alone and its value in magnetic resonance neurography. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – Nomenclature and Classification of Lumbar Disc  Pathology – modified Pfirrmann grading system and lumbar disc degeneration. Consensus driven  description of intervertebral disc nomenclature including intervertebral disc bulge, herniation,  protrusion, broad based disc herniation, extrusion and sequestration. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic,  ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine,  2020.

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – MRI evaluation of intradural tumor – neuroimaging of  spinal tumors and correlation to histological study. Determining method of choice for evaluation, review  of numerous types of intradural-extramedullary masses including meningioma and schwannoma. Signal  intensities, contrast enhancement patterns, presence of cysts and other key differentiation findings of  spinal cord tumors. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,  Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – Spinal Cord Compression, Myelomalacia, MRI Imaging  and Clinical Correlation – positional cervical spinal cord compression and fibromyalgia. T1 and T2  weighted images, comparison of hypo and hyperintense signals and extent of intramedullary changes on  MRI. Review of MRI findings associated with myelomalacia and discussion of correlation with clinical  findings. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland  University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – MRI Characteristics of Lumbar Facet Synovial Cyst –  formation characteristics of synovial cyst, relation to degenerative changes in spinal facet joints as  demonstrated on MRI. Pre and post-surgical procedural MRI were reviewed and compared. Surgical  management and subsequent resection were demonstrated. National Spine Management Group,  Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME  Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neuroradiology – Variability in MRI Diagnostic Error Rates – in depth review  of quality of MRI imaging and comparison to consistent MRI diagnosis between facilities. Errors of  interpretation in the study examinations were considered and presented. Impact of radiological  diagnosis, location of MRI study and reading radiologist and impact on treatment choice and clinical  outcomes. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland  University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY – EXTREMITY 

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery – Wrist Anatomy and Osseous Kinematics –  normal kinematics using biplanar radiographic model were reviewed. Discussion of extensive database  of carpal bone anatomy and kinematics from a large number of healthy subjects. 3-D motion of each  bone was calculated for each wrist position and discussed. Database constructed including high resolution surface models, measures of bone volume and shape, and the 3-D kinematics of each  segmented bone. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,  Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery – Normal Motion of the Shoulder and  Glenohumeral Instability – normal motion of the shoulder joint compared with clinical implications of glenohumeral joint instability including surgical recommendations. Review and overview of the anatomy of the glenohumeral joint, emphasis on instability based on the current literature.  Description of detailed anatomy and anatomical variants of the glenohumeral joint associated with  anterior and posterior shoulder instability. National Spine Management Group, Federation of  Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship  with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery – Orthopedic Testing and Shoulder Pathology  Diagnosis - use of orthopedic special tests (OSTs) to diagnose shoulder pathology and clinical  examination. Review OST clusters, examination of methodology and illustration of their use in arriving at a pathology-based diagnosis. Discussion of examination of the biceps tendon and clinical relevance.  Review of SLAP lesion and shoulder impingement syndrome were reviewed. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic,  ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine,  2020.

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery – Electrodiagnostic Testing and Carpal  Tunnel Syndrome – Review of the most common mononeuropathy in the human body. Relationship  between clinical findings, neurological examination and electrodiagnostic testing in the diagnosis of  carpal tunnel syndrome. Acute and chronic symptoms including progression of the disorder were reviewed. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland  University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery – Current Concepts in Elbow Disorders –  Detailed anatomy of osseus, ligamentous and muscular structure of the elbow was reviewed. Common  disease of elbow disorders and their treatment was discussed. Lateral epicondylitis and medial collateral ligament injury of the elbow were outlined. Rheumatoid arthritis, posttraumatic osteoarthritis, and elderly patients with comminuted distal humeral fractures. Surgical design and technique were outlined. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing  Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State  University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery – Differentiating Cervical Spine from  Shoulder Pathology – anatomical review of cervical spine and glenohumeral joint focus on similarities  and differences. Cervical disorders masking shoulder pain, cervical radiculopathy, cervical spondylotic  myelopathy, facet and discogenic pain patterns were outlined. Details of shoulder pathology parsonage tuner syndrome, subscapular neuropathy and thoracic outlet were presented. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery – MRI of the Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle –  review of MRI analysis of scapular fracture. Detailed review of scapular function rehabilitation and  training on chronic pain syndromes. Reliability of magnetic resonance imaging versus arthroscopy for  the diagnosis and classification of superior glenoid labrum anterior to posterior lesions. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery -Cataloging Movements of the Ankle, Hip and  Spine - Review Standardization and Terminology Committee (STC) of the International Society of  Biomechanics (ISB) and classification of joint kinematics. Standard for the local axis system in each articulating bone is generated and presented. Rationale for international standards among researchers was presented. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,  Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery -Cataloging Movements of the Shoulder,  Elbow, Wrist and Hand - Review Standardization and Terminology Committee (STC) of the  International Society of Biomechanics (ISB) and classification of joint kinematics. Standard for the local axis system in each articulating bone is generated and presented. Rationale for international standards among researchers was presented. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the  State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery – MRI and Diagnosis of Shoulder Disorders –  normal and abnormal shoulder anatomy as viewed on MRI was presented. Review and presentation of  MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of brachial plexus injury. Discussion of preganglionic avulsions and  muscular denervation. Comparison of CT myelography to MRI myelography were outlined. Enhanced  three dimensional T1 high-resolution isotropic volume excitation MR in the evaluation of shoulder  pathology. Comparison with two-dimensional enhanced T1 fat saturation MRI were discussed. National  Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Extremity Surgery – Clinical Evaluation of Upper and Lower  Extremity Pathology – review of relevant anatomy in shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle was  presented. Physical examination including orthopedic, neurological and range of motion testing was  presented and compared with findings on MRI results. National Spine Management Group, Federation of  Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship  with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

ORTHOPEDIC SPINE SURGERY 

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Fusion Surgery and Lumbar Stenosis – efficacy  of fusion and decompression surgery in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Review of degenerative  spondylolisthesis and patient selection criteria. Discussion of correlation of MRI, CT findings and  clinical evaluation. Review of sedimentation sign on MRI and indications of prognostic factors. Surgery  versus nonsurgical treatment outlined and outcomes discussed. Compensation for lumbar spinal stenosis  and clinical sagittal plane deformity was presented. National Spine Management Group, Federation of  Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship  with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion and  Adjacent Segment Degeneration (ASD) – adjacent segment degeneration as major consequence of  spinal fusion. Review of occurrence and location with correlation between surgical outcomes were  discussed. Discussion of age, BMI and pre-existing stenosis in cranial adjacent segment as risk factors.  ASD prevalence in radiographic evidence between cranial and caudal segments were reviewed.  Presentation of risk factors and pre-operative radiological features. Facet sagittalization and tropism were discussed. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,  Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Morbidity and Mortality Predictions in Spinal  Surgery – Review of the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and the American Society of Anesthesiologist  (ASA) Physical Status Classification System. Review of index outcomes and relation to costs of care.  Discussion of index rating and likelihood of complications. Review of classification system in cerebral  spinal fluid (CSF) leaks. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing  Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State  University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Spondylolisthesis, clinical and radiographic  classifications - classification system that considers disc space height, sagittal alignment and translation, and the absence or presence of unilateral or bilateral leg pain was discussed. Detailed review of  spondylolisthesis etiology, clinical presentation and imaging findings was reviewed. Review of inter and interobserver reliabilities of radiographic and clinical criteria. Review of consensus driven treatment options for degenerative spondylolisthesis presented. Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF)  in degenerative disc disease with associated spondylolisthesis grade I was reviewed and correlated.National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University  College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Sagittal Alignment and Spinal Surgery, Clinical  Outcomes and Follow up – discussion of outcomes and sagittal alignment in single unilateral  transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). Detailed review of surgical TLIF procedure and  associated mid and long-term clinical outcomes. Discussion and presentation of influence of pelvic  incidents and lumbar lordosis mismatch and post-operative residual symptoms. Analysis of adjacent  segment disease following fusion. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the  State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Complications and Outcomes in Adult Spinal  Deformity Surgery – review of surgical approaches and complications in correction of adult spinal  deformity. Relevance of age, comorbidities, blood loss, osteoporosis and smoking were discussed.  Discussion of Cobb Angle, Sagittal Vertical Axis, Pelvic Tilt, Thoracic Kyphosis were reviewed and  examined in relation to transpsoas lateral interbody fusion (LIF), percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS),  transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). Comparison between minimally invasive and  traditionally open procedures was provided and reviewed. Discussion of minimally invasive surgery  options were emphasized and outcomes reviewed with correlation to diagnosis and procedural coding.  National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University  College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Surgical Interventions in Lumbar Disc  Herniation – review of differences in surgical treatment of recurrent lumbar disc herniation. Clinical  correlation between plain film radiography, MRI studies and clinical presentation were reviewed. Data  on frequency in management of recurrent lumbar intervertebral disc herniations presented. Duration of  symptoms and influence of patient outcomes in sciatica patients undergoing micro-discectomy and  decompressions. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, 

8 

Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Length of Stay in Lumbar Spinal Surgery –  discussion on epidemiology of lumbar surgery outcomes and hospital stay. Correlation to clinical  presentation and comorbidities were reviewed. Outline of decompression and instrumental fusion in the  lumbar spine. Review of costs of lumbar surgery, trends in hospital stay and costs both on a cumulative  and daily basis. Comparison of the nationwide inpatient sample and national surgical quality  improvement program databases for lumbar spine fusion procedures was reviewed and presented.  National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University  College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Pre-Surgical Planning and Implant Design – 3-D  printing and surgical planning discussion a variety of historical materials in the creation of patient  specific implants based on unique individual anatomy. Historical trends in the creation of prosthetics  with 3-D modeling software using neuroimaging data. Review of treatment complex spinal pathologies  and surgical planning was discussed. Outline of current and future barriers to global implementation and  commercialization was reviewed. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the  State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Spine Surgery Procedures in Medical Specialty  Training – discussion of current spine surgery training including fellowship programming in the United  States. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) cases logs were reviewed and  discussed. Variability of procedures within programs and between medical specialty programs were  

outlined. Differential utilization between orthopedic and neurosurgical fellows was reviewed. National  Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Orthopedic Spine Surgery – Cerebral Spinal Fluid Dynamics, Central Nervous System Pathology and Intracranial Hypotension – pathophysiology and various craniospinal  disorders. Directional phase contrast MRI (4D Flow) was reviewed along with the anatomical and  physiological properties of cerebral spinal fluid. Specific disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease,  hydrocephalus, Chiari Malformation and syringomyelia. Clinical correlation of CSF dynamics to  understanding disease process was reviewed including normal and abnormal flow patterns. Recent  advancements in fluid flow studies were outlined and presented. Signal intensity changes on MRI study in  cervical spondylotic myelopathy was discussed and compared to normal parameters. Fluid dynamics  patterns within syringomyelia and Chiari malformation was discussed and correlated to MRI findings  and clinical presentations. Spinal microsurgical exploration surgery and resultant CSF leak and  spontaneous intractable intracranial hypotension was reviewed and its pathoanatomical presentation  outlined. Review of the natural and surgical history of Chiari malformation Type I in pediatric  population and clinical correlation with MRI studies. National Spine Management Group, Federation of  Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship  with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

NEUROSURGERY 

Specialty Research in Neurosurgery – Anatomy and Physiology of the Blood Brain Barrier – Review  of consequences of alterations in homeostatic control of the neuronal environment. Discussion of blood  flow alterations and altered vessel permeability as determinants in the pathophysiology of brain injury.  Review present day literature on the anatomy, development and physiological mechanisms of the blood–brain barrier. The blood brain barrier’s role in the maintenance of the extracellular environment. Vascular anatomy of the spinal cord was review in relation to the physiology of the neural environment.National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University  College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Neurosurgery – Spinal Cord Anatomy, Physiology and Vascular Reactivity –  detailed review of the blood supply of the spinal cord, anatomy of the vascular system and physiology of  blood flow. Pathophysiology of various conditions including Thoracic Aortic Occlusion and Spinal Cord  Injury were discussed with specific relation to risk of neurological deficit. Severity and duration as an  effect was reviewed and correlated clinically. Cerebral circulation and aging, discussion of effects on  cognitive functioning and cerebrovascular disease in aging. National Spine Management Group,  Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME  Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neurosurgery – Upper Cervical Spine Anatomy and Cerebral Spinal Fluid  Flow – MRI flow imaging and computational fluid dynamics in healthy patients with Chiari  Malformations. Review of abnormal cerebral spinal fluid flow oscillations and their effects on healthy  patients. Discussion of nonlaminar complex spatial and temporal variations with associated pressure  waves and pressure gradients causing syringomyelia, headaches and other clinical manifestations in  Chiari I malformation. Microsurgical anatomy and internal architecture of brainstem in 3D images and  surgical considerations. CSF hydrodynamic changes, spinal cord injury and development of post  traumatic syringomyelia (PTSM). Impact of spinal cord nerve roots and denticulate ligaments on  cerebral fluid dynamics in the cervical spine was reviewed and discussed. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic,  ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine,  2020.

Specialty Research in Neurosurgery – Compression and Degeneration in Chronic Nerve Root  Entrapment – differentiation between peripheral nerves and spinal nerve roots and effects of  electrostimulation. Discussion of various stimulating or recording neurosurgical implants and success vs  failure rates. Review of the nerve root compression and its relation to consequences of disc herniation  and acute compression during surgery. Maximum pressure level a spinal nerve root can sustain is  reviewed. Discussion of microsurgical anatomy of lumbosacral nerve rootlets, Rhizotomy and chronic  spinal cord injury. Review of qualitative grading of severity of lumbar spinal stenosis on morphology of  dural sac on MRI studies, review of classification systems and the consideration of impingement of neural  tissue. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland  University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neurosurgery – Anatomy of Circle of Willis, Cerebral Arteries and Stroke  Etiology – discussion of stroke by embolism, source and cause in diagnosis and long-term treatment.  Review of complex nature of embolus transport and its relation to etiology. Image based hemodynamics with discrete particle dynamics in relation to the distribution of emboli across the various cerebral  arteries. Detailed anatomy of Circle of Willis reviewed and discussed with particular focus on size/inertia  dependent trends in embolus distribution to the brain, distribution of cardiogenic versus aortogenic  emboli among anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries, left versus right brain preference in  cardio-embolus and aortic emboli transport and source-destination relationship for embolisms affecting  the brain. Detailed review of the microsurgical anatomy of the posterior cerebral artery in three  dimensional images. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,  Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Neurosurgery – Stroke Therapy, Implementation and Cost-Effectiveness –  review of endovascular therapy in addition to standard care in acute ischemic vessel occlusion stroke.  Comparison in National Institutes of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) score, symptom onset, Alberta Stroke  Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and occlusion location. Considerations in acute management and  revascularization of tandem occlusions in acute ischemic stroke with literature review. Discussion of  Transcirculation Pipeline embolization device deployment as a rescue technique. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Neurosurgery – Surgical Approaches and Outcomes in Spine Surgery 1 –  review of historical interventions, multilevel decompression and instrumented fusion in reduction of  neural compression and spinal column stabilization. Discussion of morbidity and mortality in relation to  surgical procedures. The use of the modified fragility index to predict 30-day morbidity and mortality  from spine surgery. Differences in patient selection for minimally invasive versus open surgical  procedures, and review of post-surgical outcomes. Morbidity, mortality and health care costs for patients  undergoing spine surgery following ACGME resident duty-reform. National Spine Management Group,  Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME  Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Neurosurgery – Surgical Approaches and Outcomes in Spine Surgery 2  Predisposing factors for dural tears in lumbar spine surgery including degenerative conditions, prior  surgery and age related indicators were reviewed. Discussion and review of re-admission rages in spine  surgery through metanalysis and systematic review. Bibliometric study of the most important minimally  invasive (MIS) spine surgery papers including Level III and IV studies with focus on moving toward Level  I and Level II. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,  Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

EMERGENCY MEDICINE

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – Emergency Medicine and Spine Pain – review of lack  of guidelines for the management of lower back pain in the ED. Frequency of lower back pain visitation  in the emergency department including environmental/sociocultural dimensions and  physical/psychospiritual dimensions were reviewed. Discussion of utilization of significant healthcare  resources with complete description of lower back pain characteristics, health services use in non-urgent  lower back pain patients presenting to the ED. Managing spine pain in the ED using usual and customary  medical intervention. Extent of appropriate CT and MRI scans in the hospital setting, accessibility  reviewed in conjunction with presented national data. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship  with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – Medication Usage and Motor Vehicle Accidents –  review of ADHD medication utilization and motor vehicle accident data and frequency of motor vehicle accident in this specific patient population. Review of the prevalent and preventable cause of morbidity  and mortality among patients and concepts of restricting based on prognostic factors. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – Emergency Department Imaging Perspectives –  review of imaging protocols among a spectrum of clinical indications, perspective on aging populations  and clinical complexity. Review of CT, MRI, plain film imaging and ultrasound and their relationships to  internal medicine and musculoskeletal disorders examined on an emergency basis through patient  generated national survey data. Details of specific contexts in which imaging has become concentrated  and targeted efforts for optimization of utilization. considerations of utilization of CT in the emergency department and evaluation to increasing trends. Review of quality improvements in imaging utilization.  Comparison between pediatric and adult imaging protocols and trends. Discussion and analysis of  “Choose Wisely” recommendations and creating of guideline/policy/clinical pathways in New England  EDs. MRI utilization in pediatric ED reviewed and analyzed. National Spine Management Group,  Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME  Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – Cauda Equina Syndrome and Other Emergent  Conditions – traumatic injuries to the thoracolumbar spine and overall impact on emergency services.  Discussion of exact definitions of Conus Medullaris Syndrome (CMS) and Cauda Equina Syndrome  (CES). Diagnosis in acute phase and radiological findings clinically correlating with physical  examination findings. Parameters for spinal regions of traumatic injury were presented and reviewed.  Case presentations for neck and spine were included and reviewed with particular focus on differential  diagnosis and case uniqueness. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing  Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State  University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – Emergency Medicine Residency Curriculum – review  of Ohio State University Emergency Medicine Residency Program Musculoskeletal Emergencies  Curriculum. Outline of the significant nature of musculoskeletal emergency presentations to ED. Details  in the training required to master clinical experience, self-directed learning and small group didactics.  Case study reviews and discussion was presented with particular focus on infection vs non-infections and  traumatic vs non-traumatic presentations in ED. National Spine Management Group, Federation of  Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship  with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – Opioid vs Non-Opioid Medications in the Emergency  Department – discussion of limited evidence of long-term outcomes of opioids with non-opioid  medication for chronic pain. Literature review on effectiveness for opioid interventions. Discussion of  alternative recommendations, evidence demonstrating lack of benefit and poor long term outcomes.  Variation in physician opioid prescriptions discussed. Patterns of opioid initiation at first visits for pain  in the ED in the United States including frequency and dosage. Emergency Department data concerning the persistent pain after motor vehicle accidents and comparison between opioid and NSAID prescribed in the ED. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland  University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – Concussion and Repeat ED visits – review of patients  presenting to ED with concussion with re-visitation within 72 hours. Mechanism of injury including  closed head injury, assault, fall and motor vehicle accidents discussed. Epidemiological evidence  presented regarding number of visitations, characteristics and care paths reviewed. Discussion of  adoption of a more comprehensive discharge plan to further prevent repeat visits was outlined. National  Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – CDC Epidemiology of ED Visits in the United States,  Adults Over 65 and Motor Vehicle Accidents – Evaluation of data from the National Hospital  Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and frequency of ED visitation. Percentage of visits requiring hospital  admission was reviewed along with patterns of need for critical care. Review of imaging ordering  statistics and clinical diagnosis was discussed. Details of primary and secondary ED diagnosis presented  in relation to sprain/strain, contusion and spinal pathology including herniated intervertebral disc,  facture and spinal cord compression. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic  Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the  State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey –  a review of the current representative data on ambulatory care visits to hospital emergency departments  in the United States. Demographics, residence, insurance class, chief complaint with focus on traumatic  injury, diseases of the nervous and musculoskeletal systems were outlined. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic,  ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine,  2020.

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – Lower Back Pain and Emergency Room Visits –  detailed analysis of impact of lower back pain on ED globally. First systematic review of the trends in the  literature including lower back pain as significant complaint and the variables in its definition.  Discussion of the proper diagnosis and triage of lower back pain and its current impact on ED  management was reviewed. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing  Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State  University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – Spinal Cord Injury without Radiographic  Abnormality (SCIWORA) in Adults – case reports – detailed review of Spinal Cord Injury without  Radiographic Abnormality was presented. Syndrome of post traumatic myelopathy demonstrable on MRI  with no evidence of osseous injury on plain film or CT scan. Reporting of incidence was included with  detailed discussion of case presentations, accurate diagnoses and triage was reviewed. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – CDC Traumatic Brain Injury Data – Related  Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations, Deaths – United States, 2007 and 2013 – traumatic  brain injury, short and long term adverse clinical outcomes, death and disability reviewed and compared based on CDC data over a 7 year period. Mechanism of causation including motor vehicle accidents,  falls and assault. Public health recommendations and interpretation of data was presented. National  Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – CDC Data, Trends in Emergency Department Visits for  Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack – relationship between stroke and statistical cause of  death, type of stroke and prognosis related to recurrence was discussed. Specific definitions of ischemic  stroke, transient ischemic attack with etiology and relationship to emergency visits were outlined and  presented. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland  University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Emergency Medicine – US Emergency Department Use by Children –  pediatric utilization of emergency medicine resources, description of trends on a national basis. Detailed  analysis of specific demographics including race and resident status were reported and reviewed.  Discussion in allocation of resources including insurance class and coverage were reviewed. Anticipated  expansion of Medicaid was considered and reviewed. Estimates of nonurgent ED visits by children were  presented and discussed. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing  Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State  University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

PRIMARY CARE/INTERNAL MEDICINE

Specialty Research in Primary Care and Internal Medicine – Supply of Chiropractic Care and  Visits to Primary Care Physicians for Neck and Back Pain – discussion of primary care visits and  lower back pain. Expenditures and contributions to disability data. Discussion of supply of chiropractic  care in context of visits for lower back pain and primary care physicians. Estimated national impact of  primary care visits and expenditures was outlined with a focus on chiropractic’s assistance in managing  lower back pain. Defining an “episode” of lower back pain and relationship to collection of  epidemiological data. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,  Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Primary Care and Internal Medicine – Safety of Chiropractic Care in Lower  Back Pain and Migraine Headaches – review of adverse events associated with chiropractic care in the  treatment of migraine. Outline of a prospective 3-armed, single-blinded, placebo RCT. Discussion of  transient and mild events following chiropractic intervention. Randomized clinical trials and meta analysis reviewed and discussed relating to the diagnosis and management of lower back pain including  adverse event reporting. Risk of injury to the head, neck or trunk following an office visit for chiropractic  spinal manipulation, as compared to office visit for evaluation by primary care physician. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University  College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Primary Care and Internal Medicine – Chiropractic and Pain Management  in Primary Care – evaluation of the analgesic effects of spinal manipulation on both healthy and pain  inflicted patients. Discussion of evidence of increased in pressure pain thresholds in musculoskeletal pain at both local and remote sites. Detailed knowledge of patient population regarding demographics and socioeconomic factors as well as disease-specific characteristics. Suggestion that lower back pain  should not be seen as benign and self-limiting with focus on management. Describe the communication  system surrounding the management of chronic pain from the perspectives of allopathic providers,

acupuncture and chiropractor providers, and chronic musculoskeletal pain patients. Chiropractic manipulative treatment (CMT) association with lower healthcare costs among multiply-comorbid  Medicare beneficiaries with an episode of chronic low back pain was reviewed. National Spine  Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of  Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Primary Care and Internal Medicine – Perceptions of Chiropractic Care –  demographic review of data on the perceptions of chiropractic care. Review of patient interest,  trustworthiness, costs and frequency of visits was discussed. Nationally representative survey to compare  characteristics and use of survey respondents with positive and negative perceptions of DCs and chiropractic care. Positive perceptions of DCs were more common than those for chiropractic care. US adults generally perceive DCs in a positive manner. Describe the preferences of older adults for low  back pain co-management by MDs and DCs and identify their concerns for receiving care under such a  treatment model. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,  Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Primary Care and Internal Medicine – Chiropractic and Post-Surgical Care  and Care for Veterans – discussion of persistent post-surgical lower back and radicular pain  response to chiropractic care. Relevant anatomy related to lower back pain and intervertebral disc  injury was outlined and presented. Discussion and development of an integrated care pathway for doctors of chiropractic, primary care providers, and mental health professionals who manage veterans  with low back pain, with or without mental health comorbidity, within Department of Veterans Affairs health care facilities. Support for the inclusion of chiropractic care as a component of multidisciplinary health care for low back pain, as currently recommended in existing guidelines with a focus on US  Service Members. Discussion of availability of chiropractic care to military healthcare systems, referral  and interprofessional communication models. National Spine Management Group, Federation of  Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship  with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Primary Care and Internal Medicine – Effects of Chiropractic Care  Combined with Medical Care, First Contact and Provider Type – differences in outcomes, patient  satisfaction, and related healthcare costs in spinal, hip, and shoulder pain patients who initiated care with medical doctors (MDs) vs those who initiated care with doctors of chiropractic (DCs). Pain of  muscuoloskeletal origin and epidemiology of reduced productivity. Comparison of data on health  outcomes, patient satisfaction, and related healthcare costs in patients consulting differing first-contact care providers for musculoskeletal pain. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the  State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.

Specialty Research in Primary Care and Internal Medicine – Integrating Chiropractic Care into Primary Care and Private Sector Healthcare Facilities – suggestion of a diverse role for chiropractors  within conventional health care facilities. Discussion of chiropractic’s effectiveness for managing  musculoskeletal disorders, particularly spine-related pain and disability. Descriptions of doctors of  chiropractic who work in nongovernmental, private sector health care settings in the United States.Shared electronic health records, face-to-face informal consultations methods for interprofessional  communication. National Spine Management Group, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,  Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of  New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020.  

Specialty Research in Primary Care and Internal Medicine – American College of Physicians –  Guideline Recommendations – Non-Invasive and Non-Pharmacological - American College of  Physicians (ACP) developed this guideline to present the evidence and provide clinical recommendations  on noninvasive treatment of low back pain. Systematically review the current evidence on non pharmacologic therapies for acute or chronic non-radicular or radicular low back pain.Comparative benefits of non-pharmacological therapies in acute/subacute low back pain including exercise, spinal  manipulation, lumbar supports, acupuncture, laser, ultrasound and traction. Discussion of first and  second line therapies with reduction in opioid prescription. National Spine Management Group,  Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University College of Chiropractic, ACCME  Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine, 2020. 

Neurodiagnostics, Imaging Protocols and Pathology of the Trauma Patient, An in-depth understanding of the protocols in triaging and reporting the clinical findings of the trauma patient. Maintaining ethical relationships with the medical-legal community. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018

Diagnostics, Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation and Triaging the Trauma Patient, An extensive understanding of the injured with clinically coordinating the history, physical findings and when to integrate neurodiagnostics. An understanding on how to utilize emergency room records in creating an accurate diagnosis and the significance of “risk factors” in spinal injury. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018Crash Dynamics and Its Relationship to Causality, An extensive understanding of the physics involved in the transference of energy from the bullet car to the target car. This includes G's of force, newtons, gravity, energy, skid marks, crumple zones, spring factors, event data recorder and the graphing of the movement of the vehicle before, during and after the crash. Determining the clinical correlation of forces and bodily injury. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018MRI, Bone Scan and X-Ray Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, MRI interpretation, physiology, history and clinical indications, bone scan interpretation, physiology and clinical indications, x-ray clinical indications for the trauma patient. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018Neurodiagnostic Testing Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, Electromyography (EMG), Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV), Somato Sensory Evoked Potential (SSEP), Visual Evoked Potential (VEP), Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAER) and Visual-Electronystagmography (V-ENG) interpretation, protocols and clinical indications for the trauma patient. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018Documentation and Reporting for the Trauma Victim, Understanding the necessity for accurate documentation and diagnosis utilizing the ICD-9 and the CPT to accurately describe the injury through diagnosis. Understanding and utilizing state regulations on reimbursement issues pertaining to healthcare. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018Documenting Clinically Correlated Bodily Injury to Causality, Understanding the necessity for accurate documentation, diagnosis and clinical correlation to the injury when reporting injuries in the medical-legal community. Documenting the kinesiopathology, myopathology, neuropathology, and pathophysiology in both a functional and structural paradigm. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018

 

MRI History and Physics, Magnetic fields, T1 and T2 relaxations, nuclear spins, phase encoding, spin echo, T1 and T2 contrast, magnetic properties of metals and the historical perspective of the creation of NMR and MRI. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018

 

MRI Spinal Anatomy and Protocols, Normal anatomy of axial and sagittal views utilizing T1, T2, 3D gradient and STIR sequences of imaging. Standardized and desired protocols in views and sequencing of MRI examination to create an accurate diagnosis in MRI. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018

MRI Disc Pathology and Spinal Stenosis, MRI interpretation of bulged, herniated, protruded, extruded, sequestered and fragmented disc pathologies in etiology and neurological sequelae in relationship to the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018MRI Spinal Pathology, MRI interpretation of bone, intradural, extradural, cord and neural sleeve lesions. Tuberculosis, drop lesions, metastasis, ependymoma, schwanoma and numerous other spinal related tumors and lesions. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018

 

MRI Methodology of Analysis, MRI interpretation sequencing of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine inclusive of T1, T2, STIR and 3D gradient studies to ensure the accurate diagnosis of the region visualized. New York Chiropractic Council, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018

MRI Clinical Application, The clinical application of the results of space occupying lesions. Disc and tumor pathologies and the clinical indications of manual and adjustive therapies in the patient with spinal nerve root and spinal cord insult as sequelae. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018

 

MRI Protocols Clinical Necessity, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images. Clinical indication for the utilization of MRI and pathologies of disc in both trauma and non-trauma sequelae, including bulge, herniation, protrusion, extrusion and sequestration. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017MRI Interpretation of Lumbar Degeneration/Bulges, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar degeneration. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Central canal and cauda equina compromise interpretation with management. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017MRI Interpretation of Lumbar Herniations, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar herniations. With the comorbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Morphology of lumbar disc pathologies of central and lateral herniations, protrusions, extrusions, sequestration, focal and broad based herniations are defined and illustrated. Central canal and cauda equina compromise interpretation with management. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017MRI Interpretation of Cervical Degeneration/Bulges, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of cervical degeneration. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Spinal cord and canal compromise interpretation with management. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017MRI Interpretation of Cervical Herniations, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR Axial, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar herniations. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. morphology of lumbar disc pathologies of central and lateral herniations, protrusions, extrusions, sequestration, focal and broad based herniations are defined and illustrated. Spinal cord and canal compromise interpretation with management. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017MRI Interpretation of Degenerative Spine and Disc Disease with Overlapping Traumatic Insult to Both Spine and Disc, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR Axial, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of degenerative spondylolisthesis, spinal canal stenosis, Modic type 3 changes, central herniations, extrusions, compressions, nerve root compressions, advanced spurring and thecal sac involvement from an orthopedic, emergency room, chiropractic, neurological, neurosurgical, physical medicine perspective. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017

 

Stroke Anatomy and Physiology: Brain Vascular Anatomy, The anatomy and physiology of the brain and how blood perfusion effects brain function. A detailed analysis of the blood supply to the brain and the physiology of ischemia. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards>, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Stroke Anatomy and Physiology: Stroke Types and Blood Flow, Various types of stroke identifying ischemia, hypoperfusion, infarct and penumbra zones and emboli. Cardiac etiologies and clinical features as precursor to stroke with associated paradoxical emboli and thrombotic etiologies. Historical and co-morbidities that have etiology in stroke inclusive of diabetes, coagulopathy, acquired and hereditary deficiencies. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Stroke Principles of Treatment an Overview for the Primary Care Provider, Stroke type and treatments performed by vascular specialists. The goals of treatment with the physiology of the infarct and penumbra zones and the role of immediate triage in the primary care setting. Detailing the complications of stroke and future care in the chiropractic, primary care or manual medicine clinical setting. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Clinical Evaluation and Protocols for Identifying Stroke Risk, The neurological history and examination for identifying stroke risks with a focus on supra and infratentorial regions, upper and lower motor lesions, cranial nerve signs, spinal cord pathology, motor and sensory pathology and gait abnormalities. Examining genetic and family histories along with dissection risk factors. Stroke orthopedic testing and clinical guidelines pertaining to triage for the primary care provider. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Mild Traumatic Brain Injury/Traumatic Brain Injury/Concussion, Differentially diagnosing mild traumatic brain injury vs. traumatic brain injury and the clinical and imaging protocols required to conclude an accurate diagnosis for head trauma. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018

Impairment Rating, The understanding and utilization of the protocols and parameters of the AMA Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment 6th Edition. Spine, neurological sequelae, migraine, sexual dysfunction, sleep and arousal disorders, station and gait disorders and consciousness are detailed for impairment rating. Herniated discs, radiculopathy, fracture, dislocations and functional loss are also detailed in relation to impairment ratings. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018

Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cartesian System, The Cartesian Coordinate System from the history to the application in the human body. Explanation of the x, y and z axes in both translation and rotations (thetas) and how they are applicable to human biomechanics. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cervical Pathobiomechanics, Spinal biomechanical engineering of the cervical and upper thoracic spine. This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationship of the intrinsic musculature to those motor units. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Lumbar Pathobiomechanics, Spinal biomechanical engineering of the lumbar spine. This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationship of the intrinsic musculature to those motor units. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Spinal Biomechanics in Trauma, To utilize whiplash associated disorders in various vectors of impact and whiplash mechanisms in determining pathobiomechanics. To clinically correlate annular tears, disc herniations, fractures, ligament pathology and spinal segmental instability as sequelae to pathobiomechanics from trauma. The utilization of digital motion x-ray in diagnosing normal versus abnormal facet motion along with case studies to understand the clinical application. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Spinal Biomechanical Engineering & Organizational Analysis, Integrating spinal biomechanics and pathobiomechanics through digitized analysis.The comparison of organized versus disorganized compensation with regional and global compensation. Correlation of the vestibular, ocular and proprioceptive neurological integration in the righting reflex as evidenced in imaging. Digital and numerical algorithm in analyzing a spine. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cervical Digital Analysis, Digitizing and analyzing the cervical spine in neutral, flexion and extension views to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes alteration of motion segment integrity (AMOSI) in both angular and translational movement. Ligament instability/failure/pathology are identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies to analyze pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Lumbar Digital Analysis, Digitalizing and analyzing the lumbar spine images to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes anterior and posterior vertebral body elements in rotational analysis with neutral, left and right lateral bending in conjunction with gate analysis. Ligament instability/failure/pathology is identified all using numerical values and models.  Review of case studies for analysis of pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm along with corrective guidelines. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Full Spine Digital Analysis, Digitizing and analyzing the full spine images to diagnose pathobiomechanics as sequelae to trauma in relation to ligamentous failure and disc and vertebral pathology as sequelae. This includes anterior and posterior vertebral body elements in rotational analysis with neutral, left and right lateral bending in conjunction with gate analysis. Ligament instability/failure/pathology is identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies for analysis of pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm along with corrective guidelines. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Orthopedic Testing: Principles, Clinical Application and Triage, Integration of orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards>, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018

 

Orthopedic Testing: Cervical Spine, Integration of cervical orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Orthopedic Testing: Cervical Spine, Integration of cervical orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Orthopedic Testing: Lumbar Spine, Integration of lumbar orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018Orthopedic Testing: Clinical Grand Rounds, Integration of orthopedic testing in the clinical setting utilizing both simple and complex patient scenarios. It includes potential stroke, or vertebrobasilar insufficient patients and understanding the nuances in a clinical evaluation with orthopedic testing as a critical part of the evaluation and screening process. How to integrate orthopedic testing in the clinical setting utilizing both simple and complex patient scenarios. It includes potential stroke, or vertebrobasilar insufficient patients and understanding the nuances in a clinical evaluation with orthopedic testing as a critical part of the evaluation and screening process. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The  Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018

 

Spinal Trauma Pathology: Triage and Connective Tissue Injuries and Wound Repair, Triaging the injured and differentially diagnosing both the primary and secondary complaints. Connective tissue injuries and wound repair morphology focusing on the aberrant tissue replacement and permanency prognosis potential. [Texas Chiropractic College, PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards] ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017Spinal Trauma Pathology: Ligament Anatomy and Injury Research and Spinal Kinematics, Spinal ligamentous anatomy and research focusing on wound repair, future negative sequelae of abnormal tissue replacement and the resultant aberrant kinematics and spinal biomechanics of the spine. [Texas Chiropractic College, PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,] ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017Spinal Trauma Pathology: Spinal Biomechanics, Central Nervous System and Spinal Disc Nomenclature, The application of spinal biomechanical engineering models in trauma and the negative sequelae it has on the central nervous system inclusive of the lateral horn, periaqueductal gray matter, thalamus and cortices involvement. [Texas Chiropractic College, PACE Recognized The by Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,] ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post -Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017Spinal Trauma Pathology: Biomechanics of Traumatic Disc Bulge and Age Dating Herniated Disc Pathology, The biomechanics of traumatic disc bulges as sequelae from trauma and the comorbidity of ligamentous pathology. Age-dating spinal disc pathology in accordance with Wolff’s Law. [Texas Chiropractic College, PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,] ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017Spinal Trauma Pathology: Clinical Grand Rounds, The review of case histories of mechanical spine pathology and biomechanical failures inclusive of case histories, clinical findings and x-ray and advanced imaging studies. Assessing comorbidities in the triage and prognosis of the injured. [Texas Chiropractic College, PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,] ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017Spinal Trauma Pathology: Research Perspectives, The review of current literature standards in spinal trauma pathology and documentation review of biomechanical failure, ligamentous failure and age-dating disc pathology. [Texas Chiropractic College, PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,] ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017Accident Reconstruction: Terms, Concepts and Definitions, The forces in physics that prevail in accidents to cause bodily injury. Quantifying the force coefficients of vehicle mass and force vectors that can be translated to the occupant and subsequently cause serious injury. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,] Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017

 

Accident Reconstruction: Causality, Bodily Injury, Negative Acceleration Forces, Crumple Zones and Critical Documentation, Factors that cause negative acceleration to zero and the subsequent forces created for the vehicle that get translated to the occupant. Understanding critical documentation of hospitals, ambulance reports, doctors and the legal profession in reconstructing an accident. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,] Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017Accident Reconstruction: Skid Marks, Time, Distance, Velocity, Speed Formulas and Road Surfaces, The mathematical calculations necessary utilizing time, distance, speed, coefficients of friction and acceleration in reconstructing an accident. The application of the critical documentation acquired from an accident site. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,] Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017Accident Reconstruction: Research, Causality and Bodily Injury, Delta V issues correlated to injury and mortality, side impact crashes and severity of injuries, event data recorder reports correlated to injury, frontal impact kinematics, crash injury metrics with many variables and inquiries related to head restraints. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards,] Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017Medical-Legal-Insurance Documentation, Accurate and compliant documentation of history and clinical findings inclusive of functional losses, loss of activities of daily living, duties under duress and permanent loss of enjoyment of life. Prognosing static vs. stable care, gaps in care both in the onset and in the middle of passive care with a focus on detailed diagnosing. The integration of chiropractic academia, the court system and the insurance reimburser’s requirements for complete documentation. [Texas Chiropractic College or PACE Recognized by The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards], Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017Connective Tissue Pathology, Spinal Biomechanics as Sequelae to Trauma, MRI Spine Interpretation, Ordering Protocols & Triaging the Injured, The latest research on the 6 ways to age-date disc herniations and bulges from trauma inclusive of disc pathology nomenclature. MRI ordering protocols, inclusive of Dixon format and fat-suppressed images. The neurology and pathology of connective tissue and the sequelae of trauma at the biomechanical level leading to bio-neuro-mechanical failure. Contemporary evidenced-based building blocks for triaging and in a collaborative environment. Cleveland University Kansas City, Chiropractic and Health Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island NY, 2018

Spinal Biomechanical Engineering Digitizing, integrating automated mensuration into creating treatment plans and determining maximum medical improvement. A literature-based study of normal vs. abnormal motor until function. Determining ligamentous laxity, alteration of motion segment integrity and pathological stress units and whole person impairments based upon the literature and academic standards, Cleveland University Kansas City, Chiropractic and Health Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island NY, 2018

Science of the Chiropractic Spinal Adjustment and Vertebral Subluxation, The literature-based definitions of both the mechanisms the chiropractic adjustment and how it affects the central nervous system in pain pathways and systemic issues that is the arbiter for normal vs. abnormal function. The physiological mechanisms of how the chiropractic spinal adjustment affects the peripheral and central nervous systems. Subluxation degeneration/Wolff’s Law will be detailed from a literature perspective combined with the mechanism of subluxation (bio-neuro-mechanical lesion). A literature perspective why long-term chiropractic care is clinically indicated as usual and customary to effectuate demonstrable biomechanical changes in the spine. An evidenced-based perspective of why physical therapy is a poor choice for spine as a 1st referral option for any provider inclusive of the literature. Cleveland University Kansas City, Chiropractic and Health Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island NY, 2018

Documentation, Collaboration, and Primary Spine Care, An academic basis for documentation that is usual and customary across professions in collaborative care. Maintaining ethical medical-legal relationships based upon Voir Dire and Daubert standards with ensuring a inclusive report. Ensuring Primary Care Status based upon an academic standards. Cleveland University Kansas City, Chiropractic and Health Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island NY, 2018

SELECTED MEMBERSHIPS

 

Academy of Chiropractic, 2018 - present

 

National Upper Cervical Chiropractic Association (NUCCA), 2013 - present

 

Florida Chiropractic Association, 2013 - present

 

Tallahassee Chamber of Commerce, Member 2018 - present